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+# Accessibility Implementation Plan - Maternal App
+
+**Created**: October 2, 2025
+**Target**: WCAG 2.1 AA Compliance
+**Priority**: CRITICAL (Launch Blocker)
+
+---
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+This document outlines the comprehensive accessibility implementation plan to achieve WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for the Maternal App. Accessibility is a **critical launch requirement** for legal compliance (ADA, Section 508) and to ensure the app is usable by all parents, including those with disabilities.
+
+**Current Status**: No accessibility implementation detected
+**Target**: Full WCAG 2.1 AA compliance
+**Timeline**: 2 weeks (Phases 1-3)
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+1. [Why Accessibility Matters](#why-accessibility-matters)
+2. [WCAG 2.1 AA Requirements](#wcag-21-aa-requirements)
+3. [Current State Assessment](#current-state-assessment)
+4. [Implementation Phases](#implementation-phases)
+5. [Technical Requirements](#technical-requirements)
+6. [Testing Strategy](#testing-strategy)
+7. [Success Metrics](#success-metrics)
+
+---
+
+## Why Accessibility Matters
+
+### Legal Requirements
+- **ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)**: Web accessibility is legally required
+- **Section 508**: Federal compliance for government users
+- **WCAG 2.1 AA**: International standard for web accessibility
+
+### User Impact
+- **15% of the population** has some form of disability
+- **New parents** may have temporary disabilities (sleep deprivation, holding baby)
+- **Situational disabilities**: Using app in bright sunlight, noisy environments
+- **Assistive technology users**: Screen readers, keyboard-only, voice control
+
+### Business Benefits
+- Larger addressable market
+- Better SEO (semantic HTML)
+- Improved UX for all users
+- Legal risk mitigation
+- Positive brand reputation
+
+---
+
+## WCAG 2.1 AA Requirements
+
+### Four Core Principles (POUR)
+
+#### 1. **Perceivable**
+- Text alternatives for non-text content
+- Captions and alternatives for multimedia
+- Adaptable content (can be presented in different ways)
+- Distinguishable (easy to see and hear)
+
+#### 2. **Operable**
+- Keyboard accessible (all functionality available via keyboard)
+- Sufficient time (users have enough time to read and use content)
+- Seizures and physical reactions (nothing that causes seizures)
+- Navigable (users can navigate, find content, and determine where they are)
+- Input modalities (make it easier to operate functionality through various inputs)
+
+#### 3. **Understandable**
+- Readable (text content is readable and understandable)
+- Predictable (web pages appear and operate in predictable ways)
+- Input assistance (help users avoid and correct mistakes)
+
+#### 4. **Robust**
+- Compatible (maximize compatibility with current and future user agents)
+
+---
+
+## Current State Assessment
+
+### What We Have ✅
+- **Material-UI (MUI)**: Built-in accessibility features
+- **React 18**: Modern framework with good accessibility support
+- **Semantic HTML**: Some usage of proper HTML5 elements
+- **Next.js 13**: Server-side rendering for better screen reader support
+
+### What's Missing ❌
+
+#### **Critical Issues**
+1. ❌ No ARIA labels on interactive elements
+2. ❌ No keyboard navigation support
+3. ❌ No focus indicators
+4. ❌ No screen reader testing
+5. ❌ Missing alt text on images/icons
+6. ❌ Poor color contrast (not verified)
+7. ❌ No skip navigation links
+8. ❌ Forms lack proper labels and error messages
+9. ❌ No focus management for dialogs/modals
+10. ❌ No reduced motion support
+
+#### **High Priority Issues**
+- Missing landmark regions (header, nav, main, footer)
+- No heading hierarchy verification
+- Missing aria-live regions for dynamic content
+- No keyboard shortcuts documentation
+- Touch targets not verified (44x44px minimum)
+
+---
+
+## Implementation Phases
+
+### **Phase 1: Foundation (Week 1, Days 1-3)** 🏗️
+
+#### **Goal**: Establish accessibility infrastructure and fix critical keyboard/focus issues
+
+**Tasks:**
+
+1. **Setup Accessibility Tools** (Day 1 Morning)
+   - Install `eslint-plugin-jsx-a11y` (React accessibility linting)
+   - Install `axe-core` and `@axe-core/react` (runtime accessibility testing)
+   - Configure ESLint rules for accessibility
+   - Install `jest-axe` for automated testing
+   - Add accessibility check to CI/CD
+
+2. **Keyboard Navigation** (Day 1 Afternoon - Day 2)
+   - Implement focus trap for modals/dialogs
+   - Add visible focus indicators (outline/ring)
+   - Create skip navigation link
+   - Fix tab order across all pages
+   - Add keyboard shortcuts for common actions
+   - Document keyboard navigation patterns
+
+3. **ARIA Labels & Semantic HTML** (Day 2 - Day 3)
+   - Audit all interactive elements (buttons, links, inputs)
+   - Add aria-label/aria-labelledby where needed
+   - Fix heading hierarchy (h1 → h2 → h3)
+   - Add landmark regions (header, nav, main, footer)
+   - Convert icon-only buttons to have text alternatives
+   - Add aria-describedby for form hints
+
+4. **Focus Management** (Day 3)
+   - Implement focus management for route changes
+   - Focus first heading on page load
+   - Trap focus in modals/dialogs
+   - Return focus when closing modals
+   - Manage focus for toast notifications
+
+**Deliverables:**
+- ESLint accessibility rules configured
+- Axe-core integrated into dev environment
+- All pages keyboard navigable
+- Focus indicators visible
+- Skip navigation link added
+
+---
+
+### **Phase 2: Content & Forms (Week 1, Days 4-5)** 📝
+
+#### **Goal**: Make all content accessible and improve form usability
+
+**Tasks:**
+
+1. **Alternative Text** (Day 4 Morning)
+   - Audit all images for alt text
+   - Add descriptive alt text to photos
+   - Mark decorative images as `alt=""`
+   - Add aria-label to icon buttons
+   - Document icon meanings
+
+2. **Form Accessibility** (Day 4 Afternoon - Day 5 Morning)
+   - Add explicit labels to all inputs
+   - Associate labels with inputs (htmlFor/id)
+   - Add aria-required to required fields
+   - Improve error messages with aria-invalid
+   - Add aria-describedby for help text
+   - Group related inputs with fieldset/legend
+   - Add autocomplete attributes
+
+3. **Color Contrast** (Day 5 Morning)
+   - Audit color contrast ratios (WCAG AA: 4.5:1 for text, 3:1 for large text)
+   - Fix low-contrast text
+   - Ensure error states don't rely on color alone
+   - Add patterns/icons to supplement color coding
+
+4. **Live Regions** (Day 5 Afternoon)
+   - Add aria-live to toast notifications
+   - Add aria-live to loading states
+   - Add aria-live to activity feed updates
+   - Add status messages for async operations
+
+**Deliverables:**
+- All images have appropriate alt text
+- All forms fully accessible
+- Color contrast meets WCAG AA
+- Live regions for dynamic content
+
+---
+
+### **Phase 3: Testing & Polish (Week 2, Days 1-3)** ✅
+
+#### **Goal**: Comprehensive testing and documentation
+
+**Tasks:**
+
+1. **Automated Testing** (Day 1)
+   - Write jest-axe tests for all pages
+   - Add axe-core checks to E2E tests
+   - Run Lighthouse accessibility audits
+   - Fix all automated test failures
+   - Add accessibility tests to CI/CD
+
+2. **Screen Reader Testing** (Day 2)
+   - Test with NVDA (Windows)
+   - Test with JAWS (Windows)
+   - Test with VoiceOver (macOS/iOS)
+   - Test with TalkBack (Android)
+   - Document screen reader issues
+   - Fix critical screen reader bugs
+
+3. **Manual Testing** (Day 2-3)
+   - Test all pages with keyboard only (no mouse)
+   - Test with browser zoom (up to 200%)
+   - Test with high contrast mode
+   - Test with reduced motion
+   - Test with different viewport sizes
+   - Test all user flows
+
+4. **Documentation** (Day 3)
+   - Create accessibility statement page
+   - Document keyboard shortcuts
+   - Add ARIA patterns guide for developers
+   - Create accessibility testing checklist
+   - Document known issues (if any)
+
+**Deliverables:**
+- Automated accessibility tests passing
+- Screen reader testing complete
+- Manual testing checklist complete
+- Accessibility documentation published
+
+---
+
+### **Phase 4: Advanced Features (Week 2, Days 4-5)** 🚀
+
+#### **Goal**: Enhanced accessibility features
+
+**Tasks:**
+
+1. **Reduced Motion Support** (Day 4 Morning)
+   ```css
+   @media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
+     * {
+       animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
+       animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
+       transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
+     }
+   }
+   ```
+   - Detect `prefers-reduced-motion`
+   - Disable animations for users who prefer reduced motion
+   - Keep essential motion (loading indicators)
+
+2. **Text Scaling** (Day 4 Afternoon)
+   - Test with browser text zoom up to 200%
+   - Use relative units (rem, em) instead of px
+   - Ensure layout doesn't break at 200% zoom
+   - Test with browser zoom (page zoom)
+
+3. **Touch Target Sizes** (Day 5 Morning)
+   - Audit all interactive elements
+   - Ensure minimum 44x44px (iOS) / 48x48dp (Android)
+   - Add padding to small targets
+   - Increase spacing between adjacent targets
+
+4. **Additional Enhancements** (Day 5 Afternoon)
+   - Add high contrast mode support
+   - Add visual focus indicators for mouse users
+   - Implement focus-within for nested focus
+   - Add aria-current for navigation
+
+**Deliverables:**
+- Reduced motion support implemented
+- Text scaling verified up to 200%
+- Touch targets meet minimum sizes
+- Enhanced accessibility features live
+
+---
+
+## Technical Requirements
+
+### **1. Dependencies to Install**
+
+```bash
+# Linting and Testing
+npm install --save-dev eslint-plugin-jsx-a11y
+npm install --save-dev jest-axe
+npm install --save-dev @axe-core/react
+
+# Runtime Testing
+npm install --save @axe-core/react
+
+# Focus Management
+npm install react-focus-lock focus-trap-react
+
+# Reduced Motion Hook
+npm install framer-motion  # Already installed, use useReducedMotion
+```
+
+### **2. ESLint Configuration**
+
+Add to `.eslintrc.json`:
+
+```json
+{
+  "extends": [
+    "plugin:jsx-a11y/recommended"
+  ],
+  "plugins": ["jsx-a11y"],
+  "rules": {
+    "jsx-a11y/anchor-is-valid": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/aria-props": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/aria-proptypes": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/aria-unsupported-elements": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/heading-has-content": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/img-redundant-alt": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/label-has-associated-control": "error",
+    "jsx-a11y/no-autofocus": "warn",
+    "jsx-a11y/no-static-element-interactions": "error"
+  }
+}
+```
+
+### **3. Axe-Core Integration (Development)**
+
+Create `components/providers/AxeProvider.tsx`:
+
+```typescript
+'use client';
+
+import React, { useEffect } from 'react';
+
+export function AxeProvider({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development') {
+      import('@axe-core/react').then((axe) => {
+        axe.default(React, require('react-dom'), 1000);
+      });
+    }
+  }, []);
+
+  return <>{children}</>;
+}
+```
+
+### **4. Focus Visible Styles**
+
+Add to `globals.css`:
+
+```css
+/* Focus indicators */
+*:focus {
+  outline: 2px solid #FF8B7D; /* Coral from design system */
+  outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+/* Focus visible (keyboard only) */
+*:focus:not(:focus-visible) {
+  outline: none;
+}
+
+*:focus-visible {
+  outline: 2px solid #FF8B7D;
+  outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+/* Skip link */
+.skip-link {
+  position: absolute;
+  top: -40px;
+  left: 0;
+  background: #000;
+  color: white;
+  padding: 8px;
+  text-decoration: none;
+  z-index: 100;
+}
+
+.skip-link:focus {
+  top: 0;
+}
+```
+
+### **5. Accessibility Utilities**
+
+Create `lib/accessibility.ts`:
+
+```typescript
+/**
+ * Accessibility utility functions
+ */
+
+// Announce to screen readers
+export function announceToScreenReader(message: string, priority: 'polite' | 'assertive' = 'polite') {
+  const announcement = document.createElement('div');
+  announcement.setAttribute('role', 'status');
+  announcement.setAttribute('aria-live', priority);
+  announcement.setAttribute('aria-atomic', 'true');
+  announcement.className = 'sr-only';
+  announcement.textContent = message;
+
+  document.body.appendChild(announcement);
+
+  setTimeout(() => {
+    document.body.removeChild(announcement);
+  }, 1000);
+}
+
+// Check if reduced motion is preferred
+export function prefersReducedMotion(): boolean {
+  return window.matchMedia('(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)').matches;
+}
+
+// Get contrast ratio between two colors
+export function getContrastRatio(color1: string, color2: string): number {
+  // Implementation using relative luminance formula
+  // WCAG requires 4.5:1 for normal text, 3:1 for large text
+}
+
+// Trap focus within an element
+export function trapFocus(element: HTMLElement) {
+  const focusableElements = element.querySelectorAll(
+    'a[href], button, textarea, input, select, [tabindex]:not([tabindex="-1"])'
+  );
+
+  const firstElement = focusableElements[0] as HTMLElement;
+  const lastElement = focusableElements[focusableElements.length - 1] as HTMLElement;
+
+  element.addEventListener('keydown', (e) => {
+    if (e.key === 'Tab') {
+      if (e.shiftKey && document.activeElement === firstElement) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        lastElement.focus();
+      } else if (!e.shiftKey && document.activeElement === lastElement) {
+        e.preventDefault();
+        firstElement.focus();
+      }
+    }
+  });
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Testing Strategy
+
+### **1. Automated Testing**
+
+#### **ESLint (Static Analysis)**
+```bash
+npm run lint  # Check for accessibility violations
+```
+
+#### **jest-axe (Unit Tests)**
+```typescript
+import { render } from '@testing-library/react';
+import { axe, toHaveNoViolations } from 'jest-axe';
+
+expect.extend(toHaveNoViolations);
+
+test('Dashboard should be accessible', async () => {
+  const { container } = render(<Dashboard />);
+  const results = await axe(container);
+  expect(results).toHaveNoViolations();
+});
+```
+
+#### **Playwright (E2E Tests)**
+```typescript
+test('should pass accessibility audit', async ({ page }) => {
+  await page.goto('/dashboard');
+  const accessibilityScanResults = await page.evaluate(async () => {
+    const axe = await import('axe-core');
+    return await axe.run();
+  });
+  expect(accessibilityScanResults.violations).toEqual([]);
+});
+```
+
+#### **Lighthouse CI**
+```bash
+npm install --save-dev @lhci/cli
+lhci autorun --collect.url=http://localhost:3000 --assert.preset=lighthouse:accessibility
+```
+
+### **2. Manual Testing Checklist**
+
+#### **Keyboard Navigation**
+- [ ] All interactive elements are keyboard accessible
+- [ ] Tab order is logical
+- [ ] Focus indicators are visible
+- [ ] Skip navigation link works
+- [ ] No keyboard traps
+- [ ] Escape key closes modals
+- [ ] Enter/Space activate buttons
+
+#### **Screen Reader Testing**
+- [ ] Page title is announced
+- [ ] Headings are in logical order
+- [ ] Form labels are announced
+- [ ] Error messages are announced
+- [ ] Status updates are announced
+- [ ] Images have alt text
+- [ ] Links have descriptive text
+
+#### **Visual Testing**
+- [ ] Color contrast meets 4.5:1 (normal text)
+- [ ] Color contrast meets 3:1 (large text, 18pt+)
+- [ ] Content readable at 200% zoom
+- [ ] No horizontal scrolling at 320px width
+- [ ] Touch targets are 44x44px minimum
+
+#### **Assistive Technology**
+- [ ] Works with NVDA (Windows)
+- [ ] Works with JAWS (Windows)
+- [ ] Works with VoiceOver (Mac/iOS)
+- [ ] Works with TalkBack (Android)
+- [ ] Works with Dragon NaturallySpeaking (voice control)
+- [ ] Works with browser zoom
+
+### **3. Browser Testing Matrix**
+
+| Browser | Screen Reader | Platform | Status |
+|---------|---------------|----------|--------|
+| Chrome | NVDA | Windows | TODO |
+| Firefox | NVDA | Windows | TODO |
+| Edge | JAWS | Windows | TODO |
+| Safari | VoiceOver | macOS | TODO |
+| Safari | VoiceOver | iOS | TODO |
+| Chrome | TalkBack | Android | TODO |
+
+---
+
+## Success Metrics
+
+### **Quantitative Metrics**
+
+1. **Lighthouse Accessibility Score**: 100/100 ✅
+2. **Axe-core Violations**: 0 critical, 0 serious ✅
+3. **ESLint jsx-a11y Errors**: 0 ✅
+4. **Color Contrast**: 100% WCAG AA compliant ✅
+5. **Keyboard Navigation**: 100% of features accessible ✅
+
+### **Qualitative Metrics**
+
+1. **Screen Reader Testing**: All critical user flows pass ✅
+2. **User Testing**: Test with 3-5 users with disabilities ✅
+3. **WCAG 2.1 AA Audit**: External audit (optional but recommended) ✅
+
+### **Key User Flows to Test**
+
+1. ✅ **Sign Up / Log In**
+   - Keyboard accessible
+   - Error messages announced
+   - Form labels clear
+
+2. ✅ **Add Activity (Feeding/Sleep/Diaper)**
+   - Voice input accessible
+   - Form fully keyboard accessible
+   - Success message announced
+
+3. ✅ **View Dashboard**
+   - Stats cards readable
+   - Charts have text alternatives
+   - Navigation clear
+
+4. ✅ **AI Assistant Chat**
+   - Chat input keyboard accessible
+   - Responses announced to screen reader
+   - Conversation history navigable
+
+5. ✅ **Settings & Account**
+   - All settings keyboard accessible
+   - Toggle buttons have clear states
+   - Dialogs trap focus properly
+
+---
+
+## Priority Order (Critical Path)
+
+### **Day 1 (Must Have)**
+1. ESLint jsx-a11y setup
+2. Visible focus indicators
+3. Skip navigation link
+4. Basic ARIA labels on buttons/links
+
+### **Days 2-3 (Critical)**
+5. Keyboard navigation for all pages
+6. Focus management for modals
+7. Form labels and error messages
+8. Heading hierarchy fixes
+
+### **Days 4-5 (High Priority)**
+9. Alt text for all images
+10. Color contrast fixes
+11. Live regions for dynamic content
+12. Automated tests (jest-axe)
+
+### **Week 2 (Testing & Polish)**
+13. Screen reader testing
+14. Manual keyboard testing
+15. Reduced motion support
+16. Documentation
+
+---
+
+## Risk Mitigation
+
+### **Potential Risks**
+
+1. **Risk**: Breaking existing functionality
+   - **Mitigation**: Comprehensive testing after each change
+
+2. **Risk**: Time overrun
+   - **Mitigation**: Focus on critical items first (Days 1-3)
+
+3. **Risk**: Lack of screen reader expertise
+   - **Mitigation**: Use automated tools, watch video tutorials, hire consultant
+
+4. **Risk**: Design conflicts (e.g., focus indicators affect design)
+   - **Mitigation**: Work with design to create accessible alternatives
+
+---
+
+## Resources
+
+### **Tools**
+- [Axe DevTools Browser Extension](https://www.deque.com/axe/devtools/)
+- [WAVE Browser Extension](https://wave.webaim.org/extension/)
+- [Color Contrast Analyzer](https://www.tpgi.com/color-contrast-checker/)
+- [Lighthouse](https://developers.google.com/web/tools/lighthouse)
+
+### **Documentation**
+- [WCAG 2.1 Guidelines](https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/)
+- [MDN Accessibility](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Accessibility)
+- [A11y Project Checklist](https://www.a11yproject.com/checklist/)
+- [ARIA Authoring Practices](https://www.w3.org/WAI/ARIA/apg/)
+
+### **Screen Readers**
+- [NVDA (Free, Windows)](https://www.nvaccess.org/)
+- [JAWS (Trial, Windows)](https://www.freedomscientific.com/products/software/jaws/)
+- VoiceOver (Built-in, macOS/iOS)
+- TalkBack (Built-in, Android)
+
+---
+
+## Next Steps
+
+1. ✅ **Review and approve this plan**
+2. 🔄 **Start Phase 1, Day 1**: Install accessibility tools
+3. 🔄 **Daily standups**: Review progress, adjust as needed
+4. 🔄 **Test continuously**: Don't wait until the end
+
+---
+
+**Document Owner**: Development Team
+**Stakeholders**: Product, Design, QA, Legal
+**Review Cadence**: Daily during implementation, weekly post-launch
+
+**Let's make the Maternal App accessible to ALL parents!** 🌟