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maternal-app/docs/maternal-app-tech-stack.md
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Technical Stack - Open Source Technologies for Maternal Organization App

Mobile Application Development

Cross-Platform Framework

  • React Native (Primary Choice)
    • react-native: Core framework
    • react-native-cli: Command line interface
    • expo: Development toolchain and libraries
    • react-navigation: Navigation library
    • react-native-paper: Material Design components
    • react-native-elements: UI toolkit

Alternative Native Development

  • Flutter (Alternative Option)
    • flutter: Core SDK
    • flutter_bloc: State management
    • provider: Dependency injection
    • get_it: Service locator
    • dio: HTTP client

State Management

  • Redux Toolkit
    • @reduxjs/toolkit: Modern Redux with less boilerplate
    • react-redux: React bindings
    • redux-persist: Offline data persistence
    • redux-offline: Offline-first functionality
    • redux-saga: Side effects management

Local Database & Storage

  • SQLite (Primary local database)

    • react-native-sqlite-storage: SQLite for React Native
    • typeorm: Object-relational mapping
    • realm: Alternative mobile database

  • Async Storage

    • @react-native-async-storage/async-storage: Key-value storage
    • react-native-mmkv: Fast key-value storage alternative

Backend Infrastructure

Core Backend Framework

  • Node.js with NestJS
    • @nestjs/core: Enterprise-grade Node.js framework
    • @nestjs/common: Common utilities
    • @nestjs/platform-express: Express adapter
    • @nestjs/microservices: Microservices support
    • @nestjs/websockets: WebSocket support
    • @nestjs/graphql: GraphQL integration

API Development

  • GraphQL

    • apollo-server-express: GraphQL server
    • type-graphql: TypeScript GraphQL framework
    • graphql-subscriptions: Real-time subscriptions
    • graphql-upload: File upload handling

  • REST API

    • express: Web framework
    • fastify: Alternative high-performance framework
    • cors: Cross-origin resource sharing
    • helmet: Security headers
    • compression: Response compression

Database Systems

  • PostgreSQL (Primary database)

    • pg: PostgreSQL client
    • knex: SQL query builder
    • prisma: Modern ORM
    • typeorm: Alternative ORM

  • MongoDB (Document storage)

    • mongoose: MongoDB object modeling
    • mongodb: Native driver

Caching & Performance

  • Redis

    • redis: Redis client
    • ioredis: Advanced Redis client
    • bull: Queue management
    • node-cache: In-memory caching

  • Elasticsearch (Search & analytics)

    • @elastic/elasticsearch: Official client
    • searchkit: Search UI components

AI & Machine Learning

LLM Integration (Proprietary APIs)

  • OpenAI API / Anthropic Claude API / Google Gemini API
  • LangChain (Framework)
    • langchain: Core library
    • @langchain/community: Community integrations
    • @langchain/openai: OpenAI integration

Open Source ML/AI

  • TensorFlow.js

    • @tensorflow/tfjs: Core library
    • @tensorflow/tfjs-node: Node.js bindings
    • @tensorflow/tfjs-react-native: React Native support

  • ONNX Runtime

    • onnxruntime-node: Node.js inference
    • onnxruntime-react-native: Mobile inference

Natural Language Processing

  • Natural
    • natural: General NLP tasks
    • compromise: Natural language understanding
    • sentiment: Sentiment analysis
    • franc: Language detection

Pattern Recognition & Analytics

  • Time Series Analysis

    • timeseries-analysis: Time series forecasting
    • simple-statistics: Statistical functions
    • regression: Regression analysis

  • Data Processing

    • pandas-js: Data manipulation
    • dataframe-js: DataFrame operations
    • ml-js: Machine learning algorithms

Real-Time Communication

WebSocket & Real-Time Sync

  • Socket.io
    • socket.io: Server implementation
    • socket.io-client: Client library
    • socket.io-redis: Redis adapter for scaling

Push Notifications

  • Firebase Cloud Messaging (Free tier available)

    • firebase-admin: Server SDK
    • react-native-firebase: React Native integration

  • Alternative: Expo Push Notifications

    • expo-notifications: Notification handling
    • expo-server-sdk: Server implementation

Voice & Audio Processing

Voice Input & Recognition

  • Whisper (OpenAI's open source)

    • whisper: Speech recognition
    • react-native-voice: Voice recognition wrapper

  • Web Speech API

    • react-speech-kit: React speech components
    • speech-to-text: Browser-based recognition

Audio Processing

  • FFmpeg

    • fluent-ffmpeg: Node.js wrapper
    • react-native-ffmpeg: Mobile integration

  • Web Audio API

    • tone.js: Audio synthesis and effects
    • wavesurfer.js: Audio visualization

Security & Privacy

Authentication & Authorization

  • Supabase (Open source Firebase alternative)

    • @supabase/supabase-js: Client library
    • @supabase/auth-helpers: Authentication utilities

  • Passport.js

    • passport: Authentication middleware
    • passport-jwt: JWT strategy
    • passport-local: Local strategy

Encryption & Security

  • Cryptography

    • bcrypt: Password hashing
    • jsonwebtoken: JWT tokens
    • crypto-js: Encryption utilities
    • node-forge: Cryptography toolkit

  • Security Middleware

    • helmet: Security headers
    • express-rate-limit: Rate limiting
    • express-validator: Input validation
    • hpp: HTTP parameter pollution prevention

COPPA/GDPR Compliance

  • Age Verification

    • age-calculator: Age calculation utilities
    • Custom implementation required

  • Data Privacy

    • anonymize: Data anonymization
    • gdpr-guard: GDPR compliance helpers

File & Media Management

Image Processing

  • Sharp
    • sharp: High-performance image processing
    • react-native-image-resizer: Mobile image resizing
    • react-native-image-picker: Image selection

File Storage

  • MinIO (Self-hosted S3-compatible)
    • minio: Object storage server
    • multer: File upload middleware
    • multer-s3: S3 storage engine

Document Processing

  • PDF Generation
    • pdfkit: PDF generation
    • puppeteer: HTML to PDF conversion
    • react-native-pdf: PDF viewing

Calendar & Scheduling

Calendar Integration

  • Calendar Libraries
    • node-ical: iCal parsing
    • ical-generator: iCal generation
    • react-native-calendars: Calendar components
    • react-big-calendar: Web calendar component

Scheduling

  • Cron Jobs
    • node-cron: Task scheduling
    • agenda: Job scheduling
    • bull: Queue-based job processing

Integration Libraries

External Service Integrations

  • Google APIs

    • googleapis: Google services client
    • @react-native-google-signin/google-signin: Google sign-in

  • Microsoft Graph

    • @microsoft/microsoft-graph-client: Graph API client

  • School Platforms

    • Custom API integrations required
    • axios: HTTP client for API calls

Smart Home Integration

  • Home Assistant

    • home-assistant-js-websocket: WebSocket client

  • Voice Assistants

    • ask-sdk: Alexa Skills Kit
    • actions-on-google: Google Assistant

Data Visualization & Analytics

Charting Libraries

  • D3.js Ecosystem

    • d3: Core visualization library
    • react-native-svg: SVG support for React Native
    • victory-native: React Native charts

  • Chart.js

    • chart.js: Charting library
    • react-chartjs-2: React wrapper
    • react-native-chart-kit: React Native charts

Analytics

  • Matomo (Open source analytics)

    • matomo-tracker: Analytics tracking

  • PostHog (Open source product analytics)

    • posthog-js: JavaScript client
    • posthog-react-native: React Native client

Development Tools

Testing Frameworks

  • Unit Testing

    • jest: Testing framework
    • @testing-library/react-native: React Native testing
    • enzyme: Component testing

  • E2E Testing

    • detox: React Native E2E testing
    • appium: Cross-platform mobile testing
    • cypress: Web testing

Code Quality

  • Linting & Formatting
    • eslint: JavaScript linter
    • prettier: Code formatter
    • husky: Git hooks
    • lint-staged: Pre-commit linting

Development Environment

  • Build Tools

    • webpack: Module bundler
    • babel: JavaScript compiler
    • metro: React Native bundler

  • Development Servers

    • nodemon: Node.js auto-restart
    • concurrently: Run multiple commands
    • dotenv: Environment variables

DevOps & Infrastructure

Container Orchestration

  • Docker

    • docker: Containerization
    • docker-compose: Multi-container apps

  • Kubernetes (for scaling)

    • kubernetes: Container orchestration
    • helm: Kubernetes package manager

CI/CD

  • GitHub Actions / GitLab CI / Jenkins
    • semantic-release: Automated versioning
    • standard-version: Changelog generation

Monitoring & Logging

  • Sentry (Open source error tracking)

    • @sentry/node: Node.js SDK
    • @sentry/react-native: React Native SDK

  • Winston (Logging)

    • winston: Logging library
    • morgan: HTTP request logger

Message Queue

  • RabbitMQ

    • amqplib: RabbitMQ client

  • Apache Kafka (for high scale)

    • kafkajs: Kafka client

Additional Utilities

Date & Time

  • dayjs: Lightweight date library
  • date-fns: Date utility library
  • moment-timezone: Timezone handling
  • react-native-date-picker: Date picker component

Forms & Validation

  • react-hook-form: Form management
  • yup: Schema validation
  • joi: Object schema validation
  • react-native-masked-text: Input masking

Localization

  • i18next: Internationalization framework
  • react-i18next: React integration
  • react-native-localize: Device locale detection

Utilities

  • lodash: Utility functions
  • uuid: UUID generation
  • validator: String validators
  • numeral: Number formatting

Infrastructure Services (Self-Hosted Options)

Backend as a Service

  • Supabase (Complete backend solution)
  • Appwrite (Alternative BaaS)
  • Parse Server (Mobile backend)

Search Infrastructure

  • Meilisearch (Fast search engine)
  • Typesense (Typo-tolerant search)

Email Service

  • Nodemailer with SMTP
  • SendGrid (Free tier available)
  • Postal (Self-hosted)

Performance Optimization

Mobile Performance

  • react-native-fast-image: Optimized image loading
  • react-native-super-grid: Efficient grid rendering
  • recyclerlistview: High-performance lists
  • react-native-reanimated: Smooth animations

Backend Performance

  • cluster: Node.js clustering
  • pm2: Process management
  • compression: Response compression
  • memory-cache: In-memory caching

Accessibility Tools

  • react-native-accessibility: Accessibility utilities
  • react-native-tts: Text-to-speech
  • react-native-screen-reader: Screen reader detection

Development Recommendations

Minimum Viable Stack

  1. Frontend: React Native + Expo
  2. Backend: NestJS + PostgreSQL
  3. Real-time: Socket.io
  4. AI: OpenAI/Claude API + LangChain
  5. Auth: Supabase Auth
  6. Storage: MinIO/Supabase Storage
  7. Cache: Redis
  8. Search: Meilisearch

Scalability Considerations

  • Start with monolithic backend, prepare for microservices
  • Use message queues early for async operations
  • Implement caching strategy from day one
  • Design for offline-first mobile experience
  • Plan for horizontal scaling with Kubernetes

Security Priorities

  • Implement end-to-end encryption for sensitive data
  • Use JWT with refresh tokens
  • Apply rate limiting on all endpoints
  • Regular security audits with OWASP tools
  • COPPA/GDPR compliance from the start
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